Processes Involved in Producing Sound and Music such as Sound Methodology, Sound File Formats, Audio Limitations of Game Platforms, Audio Recording Systems and Audio Sampling.

Software/application

·       Premiere Pro

Premiere Pro is capable of performing all of the common video editing operations required to create broadcast-quality, high-definition footage. It can input video, audio, and graphics, as well as create new, altered versions of videos that may then be exported to the appropriate medium and format for dissemination. Various video and still photos can be edited together with Premiere Pro while making videos. Videos can have titles added to them, as well as filters and other effects.

There is load of features in Premiere Pro which is simultaneous projects, motion graphics templates, transition, levels, effects, VR editing, direct publishing, multiple format support and many more.

·       Adobe Audition

Audition is a powerful toolkit for producing, mixing, editing, and recovering audio content that includes multitrack, waveform, and spectral display. This sophisticated audio workstation is meant to speed up video production workflows and audio post-production, resulting in a polished mix with crystal-clear sound.

Recording apps

·       Audacity

Audacity is a multi-track audio editor and recorder for Windows, macOS, GNU/Linux, and other operating systems that is free and simple to use. The user interface is available in a variety of languages.

People can use the audacity for record live audio, record computer playback, convert tapes and records, there is numerous effects which including change the speed, pitch or tempo of a recording, and many more.

·       FL Studio

FL Studio is a digital audio workstation created by Image-Line, a Belgian firm. FL Studio has a pattern-based music sequencer and a graphical interface. For Microsoft Windows and macOS, the program is offered in four different versions.

FL Studio lets users import instruments and samples, play them live or manually enter note data, record external sounds, such as from a microphone, and play the entire mix back through the mixer with effects. The finished project can be saved as .flp or .zip file, and /or transformed into.wav, .mp3, or .ogg audio files.

 

Sound File Format

·       MP3

MP3 is the acronym for MPEG-1 Audio Layer 3. developed in 1993 and quickly gained fame, eventually became the most widely used audio format for music files on the planet.

Almost any digital device that can play audio can read and play MP3 files, whether it's a Laptop, a Mac, an Android, an iPhone, a Smart TV, or anything else. When they need something global, MP3 is the way to go.

 

·       AAC

AAC is an acronym for Advanced Audio Coding. It was created in 1997 as the successor to MP3, and while it became famous, it never quite surpassed MP3 as the most widespread format.

Despite the fact that MP3 has become increasingly popular, AAC is still extensively used currently. In reality, YouTube, Android, iOS, iTunes, later Nintendo portables, and later PlayStations all use this audio compression approach.

 

·       OGG

OGG is a non-descriptive term. It isn't even a compression format in the traditional sense. OGG is a multimedia container that may carry a variety of compression formats, but it is most usually used to hold Vorbis files, which is why these audio files are referred to as OGG Vorbis files.

Because MP3 and AAC have such strongholds, OGG has had a difficult time emerging into the limelight, few devices support it natively, although that is changing. For the time being, it's largely utilized by open-source software enthusiasts.

 

·       WMA

WMA is the acronym for Windows Media Audio. It was first launched in 1999 and has undergone various changes since then, all while maintaining the WMA name and extension. It's a Microsoft-created proprietary format.

However, because WMA is a proprietary format, few gadgets and platforms support it. It also doesn't provide any meaningful advantages over AAC or OGG, so it's just more practical to use one of those two instead of WMA when MP3 isn't good enough.

 

·       PMC

Pulse-Code Modulation (PCM) is a digital representation of analog audio signals. Waveforms originate in analog sounds, and to transform a waveform into digital bits, the sound should be captured and recorded at specific intervals.

The most popular audio format found on CDs and DVDs is PCM. Linear Pulse-Code Modulation is a subtype of PCM in which samples are obtained at linear intervals. Because LPCM is the most popular type of PCM, the two words are often used interchangeably.

 

·       WAV

Waveform Audio File Format (WAV) is a type of audio file. It is considered a "first-generation" format because it does not compress the sound and uses various alterations to store it digitally, resulting in greater file sizes than MP3 and WMA. IBM and Microsoft created this standard for storing audio bitstreams on personal computers.

The majority of WAV files include uncompressed PCM audio. The WAV file is simply a wrapper for the PCM codec, which makes it more compatible with Windows systems. Mac systems, on the other hand, normally have no trouble opening WAV files.

 

·       AIFF

AIFF is an acronym for Audio Interchange File Format. AIFF is a format established by Apple for Mac systems in 1988, similar to how Microsoft and IBM developed WAV for Windows.

The majority of AIFF files contain uncompressed PCM audio. The AIFF file is simply a wrapper over the PCM codec, which makes it more compatible with Mac systems. Windows systems, on the other hand, normally have no trouble opening AIFF files.

 

Audio Limitation of Game Platform

Smartphones

Name	Samsung Galaxy i7500	Samsung Galaxy S21 Ultra
Release Date	29th June 2009	14th January 2021
Display	3.2 inch	6.80 inch
Pixels	320 x 480	1440 x 3200
CPU	Qualcomm MSM7200A	Samsung Exynos 2100
OS	Android 1.5	Android 11
RAM	128mb	12gb/16gb
Storage	8gb	256gb/512gb
Front Camera	none	40mp
Rear Camera	5mp	108mp + 12mp + 10mp + 10mp
Battery	1,500mAh	5000mAh
Loudspeaker	Voice 72dB/ Noise 66dB/ Ring 76dB	-25.5 dB

·       Difference of bits between platforms

o   Smartphones – 32 or 64bits

o   Console – 32 or 64 bits

o   Laptop – 32 or 64bits

 

When a processor is labeled as 32-bit or 64-bit, it refers to the maximum number of values that may be stored in its register. Processors keep track of data in their registers as they work, thus greater space means more values may be saved. A 32-bit CPU can store 2 to the 32nd power values (about 4,294,967,296), but a 64-bit processor can store 2 to the 64th power values (around 4,294,967,296).   This means that 64-bit processors have four billion times the number of addresses available as 32-bit processors.

Audio Recording System and Audio Sampling

·       Equipment

o   Computer

Begin by purchasing a dependable PC that will act as the foundation for the home studio. Look for something that is quick, has plenty of storage, and can readily analyze the audio that they're capturing. While some artists like to work with a full desktop setup, many prefer to record and track on the move with a laptop.

 

o   Digital Audio Workstation

A digital audio workstation (DAW) is software that allows users to create music or other digital audio-based projects. Users of digital audio workstations (DAWs) can produce, arrange, and edit several layers of audio. Music can be loaded from a device, recorded from plugged-in real instruments or microphones, or generated using built-in MIDI instruments.

o   Audio Interference

People will need an audio interface to record the vocals and any ‘live’ instruments they want on the track unless their music is entirely ‘in-the-box’, an example is composed entirely with virtual sounds. Both Foster and Avary advocate UAD's ‘Universal Audio Arrow’, which accurately emulates the old mic preamplifiers seen in expensive recording facilities.

o   MIDI Keyboard

A MIDI keyboard is a controller that can send commands to a MIDI device. A MIDI message is created when users press a key or pad. A USB or MIDI cable is used to send the message to the device to which it is connected. Additional programmable pads, encoders, and faders are available on some MIDI keyboards, providing users more flexibility in the studio and on stage. At the end of the day, they're all aiming for the same thing which is to compose and perform.

o   Studio Monitors

A studio monitor is a speaker intended for use in a professional audio production environment. In recording studios, radio and television studios, filmmaking, and other professional sound recording applications, the studio monitor is employed. Home studio monitors are also available for usage in tiny or home studios.

o   Headphone

It's not liked all headphones are produced equal, and just like people have search for sweat-resistant headphones for a jog or exercise, they'll want to use closed-back headphones during recording to avoid any bleed from the audio they are tracking to. A suggestion is the Sennheiser HD 280 Pro, which provides strong frequency response and more exact sound replication, as well as the isolation users need to block out outside noise and focus on their task.

o   Microphones

While there are many microphone alternatives on the market, ranging from vintage-inspired, such as Neumann, to sleek and futuristic, such as Telefunken, there are a few that stand out. When recording live instruments, the Rode NT1 captures decent clarity in vocals and delivers a more natural sound that is authentic to the source. Flat-topped condenser mics are also highly sensitive and have a greater frequency response than dynamic microphones, such as those with a spherical top that people often see singers use at concerts.